In 1904 Wellington City Council began the process of building its first electric tramway, replacing its existing horse and steam trams. The Miramar Borough Council, which governed the Miramar peninsula at the time, followed suit, building its own tramway to meet the City Council’s routes and take trams into Seatoun and Miramar. The Borough Council took out a controversial large loan to construct the tramway, with further funds coming from Miramar land syndicates, which stood to make money from the sale of house sections on the peninsula.
The Seatoun tunnel was begun in 1906 and opened in 1907. Work was slow due to the hard rock and the death of two lead contractors. To open the tunnel, the first tramcar to Seatoun travelled up what is now Broadway in Strathmore and broke through a ribbon stretched across the tunnel mouth. The tunnel measured 144m (470 feet) long, and 8.2m (27 feet) wide. At the time it opened it was said to be ‘the widest tunnel in Australasia’.
The Borough Council kept their tramway within its own management, even though it was an expensive asset for the small council. Having two councils running the system meant travellers had to buy separate tickets for the same trip, a source of constant complaints. However, the tramway was the making of the peninsula, allowing much greater urbanisation of the suburbs. Miramar Borough Council amalgamated with the Wellington City Council in February 1921, and the ownership of the tram infrastructure, including the tunnel, was transferred to Wellington’s council. Little remains of the Miramar Borough Council’s tram system; this tunnel and a bus shelter in Miramar being the notable exceptions. Trams travelled to the eastern suburbs until 1957-58, when the construction of the Wellington airport required the destruction of the tramlines; the tracks were removed from the tunnel and overhead trolley-bus lines installed instead. The tunnel has since been used by buses, cars and pedestrians; although it originally had footpaths on either side, it now has only one. In the 2010s assessments found some structural elements of the tunnel could be seismically vulnerable and remedial work is planned at the time of writing (2019).




List Entry Information
Status
Listed
List Entry Status
Historic Place Category 2
Access
Able to Visit
List Number
3650
Date Entered
28th June 1984
Date of Effect
28th June 1984
City/District Council
Wellington City
Region
Wellington Region
Extent of List Entry
Extent includes the land described as Legal Road (NZ Gazette 1996 p.115), and the land described as Pt Sec 16 Watts Peninsula Dist (RT WN834/46) shown as Areas A & B on SO 37503, and part of the land described as Legal Road, Wellington Land District, and the structure known as Seatoun Tunnel within. Refer to the extent map tabled at the Rārangi Kōrero Committee meeting on 25 July 2019.
Legal description
Legal Road (NZ Gazette 1996 p.115), Pt Sec 16 Watts Peninsula Dist (RT WN834/46), Legal Road, Wellington Land District
Status
Listed
List Entry Status
Historic Place Category 2
Access
Able to Visit
List Number
3650
Date Entered
28th June 1984
Date of Effect
28th June 1984
City/District Council
Wellington City
Region
Wellington Region
Extent of List Entry
Extent includes the land described as Legal Road (NZ Gazette 1996 p.115), and the land described as Pt Sec 16 Watts Peninsula Dist (RT WN834/46) shown as Areas A & B on SO 37503, and part of the land described as Legal Road, Wellington Land District, and the structure known as Seatoun Tunnel within. Refer to the extent map tabled at the Rārangi Kōrero Committee meeting on 25 July 2019.
Legal description
Legal Road (NZ Gazette 1996 p.115), Pt Sec 16 Watts Peninsula Dist (RT WN834/46), Legal Road, Wellington Land District
Construction Professional
Name
Seaton and Sladden
Type
Engineer
Biography
No biography is currently available for this construction professional
Name
Saunders, J.
Type
Builder
Biography
No biography is currently available for this construction professional
Construction Details
Start Year
1935
Finish Year
1936
Type
Modification
Description
Elevated footpath above the level of the road installed
Finish Year
1958
Type
Modification
Description
Tram line to Seatoun ends; tracks removed and overhead trolley bus lines added as replacement
Finish Year
2017
Type
Modification
Description
Removal of trolley bus lines
Type
Modification
Description
Removal of one footpath
Period
Unknown
Start Year
1906
Finish Year
1907
Type
Original Construction
Construction Professional
Name
Seaton and Sladden
Type
Engineer
Biography
No biography is currently available for this construction professional
Name
Saunders, J.
Type
Builder
Biography
No biography is currently available for this construction professional
Construction Details
Start Year
1935
Finish Year
1936
Type
Modification
Description
Elevated footpath above the level of the road installed
Finish Year
1958
Type
Modification
Description
Tram line to Seatoun ends; tracks removed and overhead trolley bus lines added as replacement
Finish Year
2017
Type
Modification
Description
Removal of trolley bus lines
Type
Modification
Description
Removal of one footpath
Period
Unknown
Start Year
1906
Finish Year
1907
Type
Original Construction
Historical and Associated Iwi / Hapū / Whānau
Completion Date
18th June 2019
Report Written By
Elizabeth Cox
Information Sources
WPS Opus
O’Brien, 2001
O’Brien, Bob, Waka, Ferry, Tram: Seatoun and the Bays before 1958, Wellington: Dorset Enterprises, 2001.
Struthers, 1975
Struthers, John, Miramar Peninsula. Wellington: John Struthers, 1975
Other Information
This place was identified as significant under previous legislation with different information requirements. It remains significant under the current legislation. There is opportunity under our legislation and policies to add to this information. Further information about this place may be available from the Central Regional Office of Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga. Please note that entry on the New Zealand Heritage List/Rarangi Korero identifies only the heritage values of the property concerned, and should not be construed as advice on the state of the property, or as a comment of its soundness or safety, including in regard to earthquake risk, safety in the event of fire, or insanitary conditions. A fully referenced upgrade report is available on request from the Central Region Office of Heritage New Zealand.
Historical and Associated Iwi / Hapū / Whānau
Completion Date
18th June 2019
Report Written By
Elizabeth Cox
Information Sources
WPS Opus
O’Brien, 2001
O’Brien, Bob, Waka, Ferry, Tram: Seatoun and the Bays before 1958, Wellington: Dorset Enterprises, 2001.
Struthers, 1975
Struthers, John, Miramar Peninsula. Wellington: John Struthers, 1975
Other Information
This place was identified as significant under previous legislation with different information requirements. It remains significant under the current legislation. There is opportunity under our legislation and policies to add to this information. Further information about this place may be available from the Central Regional Office of Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga. Please note that entry on the New Zealand Heritage List/Rarangi Korero identifies only the heritage values of the property concerned, and should not be construed as advice on the state of the property, or as a comment of its soundness or safety, including in regard to earthquake risk, safety in the event of fire, or insanitary conditions. A fully referenced upgrade report is available on request from the Central Region Office of Heritage New Zealand.
Current Usages
Uses: Transport
Specific Usage: Footpath/Path/track
Uses: Transport
Specific Usage: Road
Uses: Transport
Specific Usage: Tunnel
Former Usages
General Usage: Transport
Specific Usage: Tramway - urban
Current Usages
Uses: Transport
Specific Usage: Footpath/Path/track
Uses: Transport
Specific Usage: Road
Uses: Transport
Specific Usage: Tunnel
Former Usages
General Usage: Transport
Specific Usage: Tramway - urban
Location
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